Hydraulic valve



-H. R. GEER HYDRAULIC VALVE.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT-8,1921.

1,435,795.. Patented Nov. 141, 1922?.

Patented Nov. 14, 1922.

HARRY It. GEEK, 0F JOHIlSTO'tVN, PENNSYLVANIA.

HYDRAULIC VALVE.

Application filed September 8, 1921. Serial No. 499,227.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, HARRY R. Gnsn, a citizen the United States, and a resident of the city of Johnstown, county of Cambria, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Valves, and I do hereby declare the following to be a: full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will en able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to improvements in valves for controlling the flow of fluids, particularly under high pressure, and is especially adapted for use with presses for shearing, forging, punching, piercing, drawing metals, etc., and in connection with hydraulic cylinders which operate mill machinery of various kinds.

lhe general object of my invention is to v provide a choke valve that will eliminate the destructive bumping of large hydraulically operated pistons or plungers at the stroke ends and to prevent water hammering in the pipes incident to the abrupt stoppage of the piston or plunger, thereby preventing the excessive pressures thus occasioned and resulting damage caused by the same.

A di'liiculty in designing valves of this kind was to provide a compact device which would satisfactorily choke the flow of fluid in one direction and not interfere with the full area How immediately after the flow was reversed.

My improved device consists of internally bored cylindrical body valve casing with opposed ports, but out of alignment with each other lengthwise of the body or axis of the valve casing. A valve shaft extends lengthwise of the cylinder axis within the valve casing and is externally operated, upon which is reciprocally mounted within the casing a ported valve or disk, said disk or valve being free to slide endwise on the shaft and fitting snugly within the cylindrical bore of the valve casing and rotatable therein by means of the squared shaft.

The valve disk is grooved or ported on its opposed cylindrical side faces, the grooves or ports each being closed on one side of the valve disk and open on the other in a manner which permits a free passage of the water in either direction, but in such a way that the rotation of the shaft may shift the ports to a point where the flow is cut oil. Auxiliary ports on opposite sides of the disk are so located that they line up with the incoming port when the delivery port is closed, and thus the reversal of the water flow acts against one end of the disk and reciprocates it to the opposite port in a position which immediately affords a full area outlet.

Another object of my invention is to provide means by which I may rotatably adjust the valve whereby the point of cut-off may be independently set for each end position of the plunger travel to thoroughly prevent the water hammer, which produces extremely high and destructive pressures.

Havingthus given general description of my invention, I will now, in order to make the matter more clear, refer to the annexed sheet of drawings, which forms part of this specification, and in which like characters refer to like parts.

Figure tie a side elevation of a hydraulic cylinder and choke valve with parts broken away to show the application of my invention;' Figure 2 is a longitudinal transverse sectional elevation through the choke valve and hydraulic cylinder taken on the line IIII of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a front elevation of the adjustable end of the choke valve arm; Figure 4 is a side elevation of the central disk upon which the adjustable end of the choke valve arm is mounted; Figure 5 is a vertical transverse sectional elevation through the adjustable end of the choke valve arm taken on the line V-V of Figure 3; Figure 6 is a side elevation of the choke valve and Figure 7 is an end elevation of the choke valve illustrated in Figure 6.

Referring now to the characters of ref erence on the drawing-s:1 indicates a hydraulic cylinder of well-known construction, within which is reciprocably mounted the hydraulic plunger 2 and the rocking pin The rocking pin 3 is pivotally att ched as at 5 to an arm 4%, operating a shear, mill table, forging press or any other device. A connecting rod 6 is also pivoted at to the end of the operating arm i with its opposite end adjustably pivoted to the choke valve arm 7 by means of the perforations 8 and the bolt 9. 10 indicates the choke valve casing having a passage 11 communicating with the hydraulic cylinder 1 and another passage 12 connecting with the operating valve. The valve casing 10 has a cylindri cal bore, within which is reciprocably mounted a valve disk 13 on the square intermediate portion 1e: of he valve operating stem or snat't, which also may be fluted or provided with any means to allow the valve disk to slide longitudinally while preventing its rotation thereon, which has cylindrical ends 19 journaled in the valve casing. The valve dish 13 is ported on its cylindrical opposed side faces as at 15, 16, 17 and 18 in such a manner that when the port 17 registers with the said passage 12 the port 15 will be opposite that of the pa. sage 11 and will allow tree communication from the said iassagc 12 to the interior of the hydraulic cylinder, and when the port 18 communicates with the passage 12 the port 16 will register with the passage 11 allowing tree communication for the exhaust fluid from the hydraulic cylinder to the passage 12, but when the valve disk is rotated so that its cylindrical side face between the ports 17 and 18 is opposite the passage 12 the flow of fluid is entirely cut oil.

The inner end 01 the valve operating arm 7 is formed with an annular portion 20 within which is mounted a wearing ring 21', both of: which are formed with slots on either side thereof as at 22, 22. The ring portion 20 and wearing' ring 21 are adjustably mounted on a disk 28 attached to the outer end of the valve shaft 19, the said disk having a dove-tail groove 23 around the periphery thereof for receiving the dove-tail extensions 2-1 of the adjusting blocks having projections 25 ext-ending into the slots 22, 22 formed 111 the inner wearing 1mg 21 and the annular ring portion 20 of the valve operating arm 7. These adjusting blocks have set bolts which extend through the portions 24-. and 25 and engage the inner face of the dove-tail groove 23, by means of which the valve operating armwvith the valve disk thereon may be rotatably set or adjusted to any desired position. In order to insert the adjusting blocks in the dove-tail groove 23 a portion 01 the side of the dove-tail groove is made straight or enlarged as at 27, as indicated in Figure 4 of the drawing.

My choke valve may be adjusted to its initial and operative positions in various ways by means of my construction, one oi. these adj ustments being by means 01. the holes 8 and the pivot pin 9, which may be inserted in any of the holes 8 to cause more or less movement of the valve. The length of the rod 6 may be adjusted to cause the movement to begin or end at any predetermined points, and the nearer the pivot pin 9 is to the valve stem 19 the less are of movement will be communicated to the valve disk by the movement of the pivot pin 5 attached to the operating" arm 4-, and vice versa.

Another adjustment may be made by means of the blocks which are numbered 24 and 2:7, as these may be set and secured in place by means of the setscrews 26 in different positions,'whereby the points of cutoil may be independently adjusted for the ingoing and exhaust flows through the valve. One of the principal. objects of my invention is to provide unrestricted passage for the fluidunder pressure into and out of the cylinder at the beginning of the upward or downward strokes and means where by the fluid flow in eith r direction is then gradually choked, throttled or cut oil as the movement of the plunger or piston in either direction app-roaches its terminal positions. The initial movement 01: the valve with relation tojthe plunger movement may be varied to accomplish the choking at any place desired, as will be readily understood. litter adjusting the valve it will thereafter operate automatically upon the movement of the main controlling threeeway valve which supplies water to and exhausts the same from the hydraulic cylinder.

t will be understood that my improved valve is an auxiliary valve and works automatically to gradually stop the movement of the hydraulic apparatus and prevents destructive water hammer and that the flow of fluid pressure in the inlet passage 12 is controlled by a three-way or other type of valve (not shown).

The operation of my valve is as follows ll hen the parts are in position shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings, fluid pressure is admitted by means or the usual operating three-way valve (not shown) into the pipe 12 and thence passes into the port 1'? of the valve disk, whereupon' the fluid disk 13 will be reciprocated by the pressure of the fluid on the end of the disk to the opposite end ot the valve casing so thatthe port 15 will register with the passage 11. thereby forming promptly a free communi cation from the pipes 12 and 11 to the interior ot the hydraulic cylinder 1. After the plunger has nearly reached the upper limit of its stroke the stops strilrethe ends of the slots 22 and automatically partially rotate the valve disk. This rotary movement of the valve disk 13 occasioned by the upward movement of the arm l and the pivot bolt 5, which are mounted on the end of: the hydraulic plunger which transmit-s this movement to the connecting rod 6 oi the valve arm '7, the movement of the choke valve thereby being automatic. This gradually checks the inflow of fluid and prevents shocks. When it is desired to exhaust the pressure from the cylinder the operating valve connecting with the pipe 12 is opened in such a way as to allow the fluid to exhaust from the cylinder, whereupon the fiuid pressure in the cylinder and in the pipe 11 then causes the disk 13 to be reciprocated on the shaft to the other end ol? the valve casing by pressure on the port 18 and the end of the valve, thus-allowing free passage for the exhaust of the fluid through the port 16 and the pipes 11 and 12 This exhaust is then gradually shut off by the automatic rotation of the valve 13 to prevent shock and water hammer.

In order to adjust the choke valve so that it will operate as above, I provide an adjusting mechanism comprising the valve arm 7 containing a plurality of holes 8, in any of which the pivot 9 may be inserted, and I also provide on the end of the valve stem 19 an annular end 20, an inner ring 21, slots 22 in the sides of the annular end 20 and ring 21, a dove-tail groove around the periphery of the disk 28, adjusting blocks having dovetailed and rectangular portions 24 and 25, set bolts 26 and an enlarged portion 27 of the dove-tail groove 23. By setting these parts in the different positions desired, the choking operation may begin when the plunger is at any desired distance from either end of its stroke.

Although I have shown and described my invention in considerable detail, I do not wish to be limited to the exact and specific details thereof, as shown and described, but may use such modifications in, substitutions for, or equivalents thereof as are embraced within the scope of my invention or as pointed out in the claims.

I-Iavin thus described my invention, What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1.. In a hydraulic apparatus the combination with the fluid inlet and outlet passages, of a'choke valve communicating therewith and means connected to a moving part of said apparatus to automatically move said valve whereby the inlet and outlet of fluid is accomplished gradually to eliminate water hammer.

2. In a hydraulic apparatus the combination with the inlet and outlet passages thereof, of a choke valve communicating therewith, said valve being provided with a plurality of ports and connected with a moving part of the apparatus in such a way that fluid under pressure operates the valve to open the inlet or outlet passages.

3. In a hydraulic apparatus the combination with the inlet and outlet passages thereof, of a choke valve communicating therewith, said valve comprising a rotatable disk reciprocably mounted upon a shaft within a casing, means connected with a moving part of the apparatus to partially rotate said disk whereby the inlet and outlet of fluid is accomplished gradually.

4-. In a hydraulic apparatus the combination with the inlet and outlet passages thereof, of a choke valve communicating therewith, said valve comprising a rotatable ported disk reciprocably mounted upon a shaft within a casing, means connected with a moving part of the apparatus to partially rotate said disk whereby the inlet and outlet of fluid is accomplished gradually, and means for adjusting the position of the ports in the disk with respect to the said inlet and outlet passages,

5. In a hydraulic apparatus the combination with the fluid inlet and outlet passages, of a choke valve communicating therewith, said valve being provided with a casing having inlet and outlet. ports, a substantially cylindrical disk provided with ports formed in the end portions thereof, said disk being reciprocably mounted upon a shaft, and adjustable means connected with said shaft and with a moving part of the mechanism.

6. In a Choke valve, a casing having a cylindricalbore formed therein, inlet and outlet passages communicating therewith, a cylindrical valve disk mounted therein provided with a plurality of ports 011 each of its ends, said disk being reciprocably mounted within said casing and provided with means connected with a moving part of the apparatus for partially rotating same.

7. In a choke valve, a casing having a cylndrical bore formed therein, inlet and outlet passages communicating therewith, a cylindrical valve disk mounted therein provided with a plurality of ports on each of its ends, said disk being reciprocably mounted within said casing and povided with means for rotating same connected with a moving part of the mechanism, and means for adjusting the position of the ports with respect to the said inlet and outlet passages.

8. In a fluid pressure apparatus, a choke valve comprising a casing with a cylindrical bore therein, inlet and outlet passages communicating therewith and out of alignment with each other, a valve stem extending centrally through said bore, a cylindrical valve disk reciproeably and rotatably mounted on a shaft within said bore and provided with a plurality of ports in the ends thereof, and means for partially rotating said shaft by the movement of the fluid pressure apparatus.

9. The combination with hydraulic apparatus of a choke valve comprising a casing having a cylindrical bore formed therein, passages in the casing on either side of the cylindrical bore out of alignment with each other, a shaft extending centrally through the cylindrical bore having its ends journaled in the casing, a ported Valve disk reciprocably mounted on the shaft within the cylindrical bore of the casing, means for preventing the valve disk from rotating 011 the shaft, means connected with the moving parts of the hydraulic mechanism for partially rotating the shaft and valve disk, and means for rotatably adjusting the position of the disk.

10. A choke valve for hydraulic apparatus comprising a casing having a cylin- 'drical bore formed therein, passages formed in the casing on either side of the bore and out of alignment with each other, a shaft extending centrally through the cylindrical bore of the casing having its ends journaled therein, a cylindrical valve disk mounted on the shaft and'having ports formed in its ends adapted to register with the passages in the casing, means for preventing the valve disk fromrotating on the shaft, the operating fluid being adapted to automatically reciprocate the valve diskin either direction, connections to moving parts of the mechanism adapted to rotate the valve disk, and means for adjusting therotatahle position thereof.

11. A valve for hydraulic apparatus, comprising a casing having a cylindrical bore formed therein, inlet and outlet passages formed in the casing out of alignment with each other, a shaft extending centrally through the cylindrical bore in the casing with its ends journaled therein, one end of the shaft projecting out of the casing, a valve disk reciprocably but non-rotatably mounted on the shaft within said bore and having a pair of ports on each end thereof, each pair of ports being adapted to register with the inlet and outlet passages respec tively, means connected to a moving part of the apparatus adapted to automatically partially rotate the valve disk, which is also automatically reciprocated by the fluid pressure, and means on the shaft for adjusting the rotatable position of the valve disk.

12. The combination with a hydraulic cylinder, of fluid pressure inlet and exhaust passages leading thereto, means in said passages for retarding the initial flow of fluid in one direction, and means for allowing a full flow in the opposite direction.

13. The combination with a hydraulic cylinder, of fluid pressure inlet and exhaust passagesleading thereto, an auxiliary valve located in said passages, comprising a disk with ports formed in its ends, the fluid pressure means being adapted to reciprocate the disk in one direction and allow a full flow, and automatic means for rotating the disk and permitting a full area flow in the opposite direction.

1 "he combination with a hydraulic cylinder, of fluid pressure inlet and exhaust passages leading thereto, an auxiliary valve located in said passages comprising a casing having a cylindrical bore, passages formed in the casing on either side of the bore connecting with the said inlet and exhaust passages, a disk mounted in said bore, ports formed in the ends of the disk, the fluid pressure operating means being adapted to reciprocate the disk in one direction and allow a full area How in one direction, automatic means for rotating the disk which first retards the flow of fluid pressure and then permits the fluid to reciprocate the disk in the opposite direction, thereby al lowing a full flow of fluid pressure in the other direction.

In witness whereof I hereunto aflix my signature.

HARRY B. GEER. 

